Essay about The Dome of the Rock - 2341 Words

Essentially unchanged for more than thirteen centuries, the Dome of the Rock remains one of the worlds most beautiful and enduring architectural treasures. Adorned with its magnificent gold dome and elaborate quranic inscriptions, the structure intimately represents the worlds second largest religion in a city historically associated with the three Semitic faiths. Representation, however, is not the only effect of this site. Despite its intended purpose, the Dome of the Rock inherently stands as the focal center of a millennium-old religious controversy. Located on what is essentially the worlds holiest site (obviously a speculative assertion) and inscribed with proclamations of Islamic religious superiority, the Dome symbolizes far†¦show more content†¦Cyril Glasse discusses such in her work: In the case of the Dome of the Rock, the symbolism of its Quranic forms echoes the significance of the Temple Mount as the site of the Temple of Solomon. It is the culmination of the revelations of Moses and Jesus in the restoration of the primordial Abrahamic unity which is IslamÂ…the calligraphic inscriptions recall the relationship between Jerusalem and Jesus, and the apocalypse to come. In addition to the structures architectural composition, elaborate Quranic inscriptions further elaborate this message of religious superiority. Carole Hillenbrand alludes to such: The Dome of the Rock, which had been built in 72/691 as a triumphant statement of the superiority of Islam over other faiths, especially Christianity, displays a careful selection of Quranic inscriptions which tilt at the Trinity and the Incarnation. Islams uncompromising monotheism is emphasized in a long band of inscriptions measuring around 240 metres in length: the message is unambiguous: ‘There is no god but the One God and He has no partner. Artfully constructed and etched in Quranic verse, the Dome sits upon its ominous perch and serves as the center of Jerusalem. Regardless of ones religious or political slant, the sheer magnificence of the building cannot be ignored Ââ€" nor can its intrinsic message. From an uninfluenced perspective, one cannot help but observe the Dome as an attempt toShow MoreRelatedThe Dome Of The Rock1999 Words   |  8 Pages The Dome of the Rock (688-92) is a building project which demonstrates a particular way of achieving uniqueness in architecture. Architectural uniqueness can be established by introducing the same building form and materials in a slightly different way, complimenting its surrounding. Again, this uniqueness can be achieved by having a completely different building vocabulary, contrasting with its surroundings. In this context, this essay will investigate what type of architectural uniqueness theRead MoreThe Dome Of The Rock1278 Words   |  6 Pagesbeautiful gilt dome decorating the skyline of Jerusalem, the Dome of the Rock is the oldest and most famous Islamic building on the Temple Mount. As a religious space with kinetic and interrelated characteristics, it not only functions as a Muslim shrine, but also exhibits significance based on its history and relative location to the Jewish Temple and Christian churches. Built on the site of Solomon’s Temple and decorated with mosa ics symbolizing the Paradise and Jewish royalty, the Dome reveals theRead MoreThe Dome Of The Rock1685 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Prophet Muhammad to Heaven started from Jerusalem, from al-Sakhra known now as Qubbat al-Sakhra (the Dome of the Rock)† (El-Khatib 2001:34). The Dome of the Rock is still present and can be visited today on the Temple Mount within Jerusalem. Similar to the ascension of Prophet Muhammad, the Christians believe that Jerusalem is the location of Jesus’ resurrection from death. The Dome of the Rock bears great significance to the Islamic people, but the question remains: Why exactly was it built onRead MoreThe Dome Of The Rock2572 Words   |  11 Pages the Dome of the Rock has received the honor of being recognized as â€Å"Jerusalem’s most recognizable landmark†, with its octagonal structure and the conspicuous gold-plated roof. Also seen as one of the oldest extant Islamic architectural work, the Dome was originally built to show the Christians that Islam could also have a great monument to rival the Dome of the Anastasis and thus the Muslims would not be dazzled by Christian churches and dome. (Armstrong 1997: 237). If we examine the Dome separatelyRead MoreThe Dome Of The Rock1959 Words   |  8 PagesThe Dome of the Rock Jerusalem is the holy city that hosts an array of religious artifacts and buildings that are rooted in different religions that span centuries. From the Wailing Wall to the Second Temple, Jerusalem exists as a testament to ancient religions and their cultures. But one particular architectural masterpiece rises above all of them. The Dome of the Rock or Qubbat as-Sakhrah rises above Jerusalem, its golden peak reflecting the desert sun, a beacon of ancient history. It can be seenRead MoreThe Dome Of The Rock And Alhambra Essay1378 Words   |  6 Pages The two Islamic structures are the Dome of the rock and alhambra. It is likely that both structures were built for the same purpose. The Dome of the Rock has no distinct known purpose that modern investigators have discovered but it was likely to have been built with the purpose of impressing the region with the power and the emergence of Islamic control. alhambra was built as a palace complex to house the leaders of Granada and into likely establish the dynasty of the Nasrid. Although built toRead MoreDome of the Rock and Santa Costanza950 Words   |  4 Pagespeople of that time and they have faced great resistance. Early Islamic art and early Christian art both are historically important as both are similar in some ways. The most earliest architecture and first such structure from the Muslims is the Dome of the Rock located in Jerusalem. When the Muslims conquered the city of Jerusalem in they needed a place (Mosque) to worship and offer their prayers in congregation. At the s ame time they also wanted to build a monument that would show the success of MuslimsRead MoreReligious Significance The Pantheon And The Dome Of The Rock1652 Words   |  7 PagesThe Religious Significance the Pantheon and the Dome of the Rock Convey Architecture comes with many significant meanings, including religious significance. The Pantheon, built from 118 to 125 CE in Rome, Italy, was a temple made to worship the Roman gods and goddesses. This temple is one of the most important buildings both in history and architecture, influencing many other monuments with its form, such as The Dome of the Rock. The Dome of the Rock, built from 687 to 692 CE, was the first greatRead MoreHagia Sophia vs Dome of the Rock984 Words   |  4 Pagesa bridge between the real world and the divine world, and mirror religious views of people and the major beliefs of the society. Hagia Sophia and the Dome of the Rock are two of the greatest and the most important architectural monuments in the world. Even though two of the most historical mosques, Hagia Sophia and the Dome of the Rock, are built for different religions, but due to a sharing purpose, which being praying to God, the difference can barely be noticed. By sharing a purposeRead MoreCompare and Contrast St. Sernin to Dome of the Rock754 Words   |  4 Pagessites, the Dome of the Rock. I will be comparing what similarities and what differences these two great buildings have to one another. Let’s start with the differences, since these two buildings will probably have a lot. With the Basilica of St. Sernin we find that the floor plan is made to resemble a cross, where the Dome of the Rock has an octagon shaped outer wall. The entrance of the Basilica of St. Sernin has two arched entrances which are sunken in where in the Dome of the Rock the entrances

The Legacy Of The Sierra Club Adams - 1297 Words

As Adams pursued his work in both art and conservation the various lines of his life were beginning to converge revealing both the unity and the disjunction of his ideas. 137 His impact was felt on both spheres of influence. Using modern techniques of mass communications, Adams brought a vision of idealized wilderness to a broad audience and linked the environmental movement with nationalism and a romantic view of nature. The sustained popularity of his photographs illuminates a continuing public fascination with the wilderness landscape as both a place of beauty and a symbol of national identity and ideals. (Pacific 42) Most leaders within the conservation movement continued to share his ideal assuming that economic growth and wilderness†¦show more content†¦During these years the club sought to establish the Kings River region, to the south of Yosemite in th e board of the Sierra Club asked him to lobby in Washington on behalf of the park(pacific 31-32) with total naivetà ƒ © he wrote I ventured into the strange wilderness of out nations capitol with a portfolio of photographs under my arm visiting congressmen and senators in their lairs. I boldly proclaim the glories of the high sierra and showed my pictures with unabashed confidence that they would prove our contention132Two years later, in 1938, Adams sent a copy of his recently published book of photographs, The Sierra Nevada and the John Muir Trail, to Secretary of the Interior Harold Ickes. Impressed with the volume, Ickes showed it to President Roosevelt, who asked to keep it for the White House. Whether or not their actions can be directly credited to the influence of Adams s photographs, Roosevelt and Ickes both worked for the passage of the park bill which had stalled in Congress, and in 1940 the park was created.(pacific 31-32)in 1941 adams was appointed by sec of interior Harold ickes as a photographic

Argue On Hostile Takeovers Free Essays

Lisa Newton argues against hostile takeovers and has many rational reasons backing her point. Takeovers in the past overall have not proven effective nor have they been monetarily beneficial to either the company or the society involved. Corporations are ruined and people, even families, are hurt. We will write a custom essay sample on Argue On Hostile Takeovers or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this paper, I will argue against hostile takeovers for these reasons from the standpoint of a utilitarian. Utilitarianism is the â€Å"moral doctrine that we should always act to produce the greatest possible balance of good over bad for everyone affected by our action.† (Shaw Barry, 59) Actions are evaluated according to their consequences and look to maximize happiness. The view is long-term not just immediately. A hostile corporate takeover is not a positive thing through the eyes of a utilitarian for several reasons. To begin with, the idea of a possible takeover has degenerating effects on a company. â€Å"At the first level there is disruption and millions of dollars† worth of unproductive expense.† (Newton, 189) Effectiveness and productive activity at the upper levels of management comes to a stop and systematical planning disappears. Employees become apprehensive about the security of their jobs and end up spending a majority of their time speculating or searching for another job. It takes a toll on everyone involved in that they feel dishonored or belittled. Utilitarians would argue this is not a moral action since it harms the majority of the people. It is not the greatest good for the greatest number. It may immediately (short-term) benefit those who have done the takeover and those in higher up positions. However, in the long run it may not benefit even anyone. The early results of hostile takeover activity are combined with unnecessary and unwise business practices. The takeover has two destructive effects on corporate†s management. Equity is transformed into debt, leaving the company without protection. Being desperate, management may begin to look for short-term profits and impose by force aggressive actions not previously acted upon. This is deceiving to stockholders since they see high returns and stock prices even though the company does not have a good level of steadiness or security. It also harms the overall society since they usually depend on these large corporations for income and employment. Companies are willing to pay high takeover prices that they engage in severe cost-cutting at every level and at any cost. This sometimes even includes eliminating those who are important in maintaining operations, which is never a good move for the company as a whole. These people will probably have a problem finding other jobs since higher level positions are usually held by people who have been at the company for an extended length of time and are therefore older than others would want a new employee to be at a starting position. The basis of this issue revolves around money and does not consider those individuals involved. The corporate economy is at the mercy of the American dollar. People have become engrossed with making money that they sometimes forget they are dealing with other human beings. The takeover of a corporation may benefit those who are now in charge but not many others involved. Society winds up helping those newly unemployed and sometimes even the company itself. There are no laws to protect or help those who may one day be involved in a hostile takeover. These people have rights since they have contributed a lot of time, effort and even money towards the growth of the company. A corporation is nothing by itself; it is made up of the people with whom it employs. Human needs are not noticed by business practice and they hardly receive the justice deserved. Hostile takeovers are â€Å"harmful to corporate stakeholders, the economy, and the general public.† (Newton, 188) The law should restrict or even prohibit them, which is currently does not. There usually is no protection or justice for those involved. There are laws for anything and everything else to supposedly protect individuals, so why not this? Most often the result is not positive. Individuals are hurt and the corporation is usually killed in the end. More people must argue that the corporation is a moral individual just like others. The reality is that people frequently expect more from takeover defenses than they can deliver. It is rare that any defenses are backed by common sense and critical business strategy, which could help resist a pursuer and help control the terms of the deal. â€Å"As a matter of right, and as a matter of utility, the takeover game should be ended.† (Newton, 194) How to cite Argue On Hostile Takeovers, Essay examples

Business Skills

Question: 1. Comparison of the two styles of given newspaper articles.2. Essay on Myth: Global warming, environmental racism. Answer: 1. Comparison of the two styles of given newspaper articles: The objective of this task is to take into account two separate newspaper articles and evaluate the approach assumed by the writers. The motivation for such articles and examine which of these articles have been successful in providing a more balanced and fairer view of the Calais Jungle situation. Taking into perspective the Article 1 titled The most shocking thing about Calais is that its not even too big to solve by Yvette Cooper, it is visible that the author is personally involved to resolve the current situation, as it exists in Calais Jungle. The narrative approach followed by the author vividly describes the existing condition of the refugees currently camped in the area (Alaux, 2015). Furthermore, since the writer is involved in some form or other, to help bring focus to the issues. The article is focused more on highlighting the issues and underlines a demanding tone to seek resolution and actions from the French and British Governments. Diverting attention to Article 2 ti tled How Calais' 'jungle' migrant camp has now become a mini city - complete with restaurants, a theatre, book shops and free wifi by Josh White, the approach and the underpinning objective of the writer is contrary to that observed in the Article 1. While article 1 was vivid, graphic and seemed very personal, Article 2 is articulate, distant and analytical. Article 1 focused on the issues due to lack of action and often the writer would demand affirmative action from the Governments or a course of action that would indicate intent on the Governments behalf. If the writing style of the writers are compared it is evident that while article 1 is informal, emotive and simplistic in nature, article 2 is more formal. It is reportive and identifies the complex nature of human beings, instead of assigning black and white colours to the sides involved. The writer in article 1 would seem content by citing the various prior incidents in which British and French Government had successfully collaborated together to solve immigration issues (Hanappe, 2015). Even though, the writer acknowledges, that there might be elements that are different in previous occasions and the current situation. The writer fails to bring such consideration into perspective while reporting on Calais Jungle. The intent of the first article seems to drive action from both the Governments - though primarily the British Government is targeted, involved as well as the United Nations. However, it should also be acknowledged that the writer does consider in latter parts of the art icle. Solving immigration issues might not be as simplistic as made out to be since, Calais is situated in France and British interjection might only lead migrants to gather there in greater numbers. In the second article, the writer focuses on narrating the incidents in particular journalistic manner, depicting the existential situation, without making way for sentiments. Another contradictory aspect of the second article, is that instead of focusing on the issues as a resultant outcome due to lack of Government action, it proposes and highlights the legal and humanitarian issues. This issues caused by people that have migrated and gathered in Calais from various countries. The writer, in this case, has chosen to delve in the existing lifestyle, culture, routine and residential styles adopted by the refugees camped in Calais Jungle. Contrary to the writer in Article 1, in article 2, the writer is motivated by the increase in illegal immigration issues which is found abundant in the Calais Jungle settlement. The writer highlights the schedule and the method of operations for the trafficking gangs that look to insert refugees into Britain. Since Calais is situated near the English Channel, it has been a practice in the past to make way to Britain by crossing the English Channel (www.dailymail.co.uk, 2016). Though previously, strategies and actions undertaken by the British and French Government had been successful in drastically reducing illegal immigration, current refugee crisis has averted those actions. The writer intends to create an awareness regarding the existent situation and reports on every aspect of the daily lives and how they have come to be. In the opinion of Duffin (2015), upon detailed inspection of the information presented by writers, the narrative style and the intent that comes across it has been identified that the writer of the second article provides a more balanced and fair view of the current situation. Such conclusion can be drawn due the balanced arguments and facts that the writer of the second article has stated wherein the human spirit of survival as well as the negative aspects of immigration has also been succinctly identified (www.theguardian.com, 2016). 2. Essay on Myth: Global warming, environmental racism Introduction: According to recent figures by the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, USA, there are about 17.7 million adults who suffer from asthma, while about 6.3 million children, below the age of 18 suffer from this disease (www.cdc.gov, 2016). Keeping in perspective the information detailed in the article Myth: Global warming, environmental racism, environment activists are of the opinion that the ozone pollution is one of the important factors for asthma. Taking a look at the definition put forth by the Mayo Clinic, asthma has been symptomized by narrowing of the trachea, swelling, and shortness of breath. There are various levels of asthma suffering, where one can be affected only by rare and select allergens, with easily handled symptoms, while in other cases, it can be life-threatening. The main factors that have been scientifically identified by the Mayo Clinic for asthma range from heredity, tobacco smoking, obesity and exposure to industrial chemicals. According to Budzianowsk i (2011), has been identified by historical analysis that cases of asthma is on the rise in US. However, when the levels of ozone pollution is taken into consideration, it has been observed that through strict policing of environmental and manufacturing norms, harmful emissions and ozone pollution is on a downward trend. In consideration of such facts, the depiction of environmentalists claim that ozone pollution causes asthma is found to be without bias and hence cannot be supported. This essay will argue that ozone pollutions do not have any incremental effect on asthma conditions or occurrence and that global warming has been hoisted as a flagship issue with US being the focus of environmental racism. Body: While activists are continuously targeting businesses in the US to reduce manufacturing, cease production of certain goods and creating delays with rallies and legal suits. The various initiatives that have been undertaken since the inception of the Environment Protection Agency during the Nixon Administration have been forgotten. The current practices undertaken by businesses involve the E3 policy (Economy, Energy and Environment), Lean Manufacturing and Superfund and Green Remediation among many more (www.epa.gov, 2016). As a result, there has been a significant drop in the ozone pollution, environment groups continue to pose problems for the economic growth in the country. Despite of the reduced emissions from factories, electronics appliances and cars, environmental activists seem to think there has been inadequate response to reducing the carbon footprint. According to Smith (2014), continued blockage of business practices, which leads to less employment opportunities and decrea sed GDP growth of the economy. Environment activists argue that the impact of air pollution and ozone pollution are creating a more conducive atmosphere for asthma. On the contrary, the relationship between decreasing levels of ozone pollution and increasing levels of asthma patients seem to indicate otherwise. Furthermore, as indicated by Sarkany et al. (2016), asthma is majorly caused by exposure to allergens, chemical fumes, and can also be hereditary in nature. As such, such factors are hardly caused by the increase in environmental pollution or increase in ozone pollution (Weaver, 2011). Extended restraint on businesses over use of materials, specific manufacturing processes and production of specific goods, as a cause for environmental protection can only succeed in weakening the economy and the ability to ensure stability in the country and surrounding regions. In comparison, other countries like China, India and Russia, continue to be greatest contributor to global pollution (Naik, 2007). While there are significantly less practices in such countries despite their major contribution to ozone pollutants, environmental activists have overlooked such issues and continue to target US. Such practice has given birth to what is now being described as environmental racism, where greater focus and restraint is being practiced on selective economies. In stark contrast, activists, and even Senator Kelly has asked to exhibit control over the carbon footprint in African countries, where production value and size are significantly less as compared to production value of China, India or Russia (Chung et al. 2012). Conclusion: In conclusion, it has been established that ozone pollution is not as significantly linked to asthma occurrence as has been suggested by environmental groups. As a result, the hue and cry strategy practiced by these groups has only led to selectively focussing restraining efforts on the US businesses, which makes case for environmental racism. In support of the views expressed by the writer in the article, it is best to focus holistically on all economic participants to exercise green practices to reduce environmental pollution, instead of focussing on one economy. References: Alaux, J.-P.(2015) Calais vautbienquelques requiem, Pleindroit, 104(1), pp. 3-8.Budzianowski, W.M. (2011) Time delay of global warming, International Journal of Global Warming, 3(3), pp. 289295.CDC (2016)Asthma. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/asthma.htm [Accessed: 18 March 2016].Chung, M.C., Rudd, H. and Wall, N. (2012) Posttraumatic stress disorder following asthma attack (post-asthma attack PTSD) and psychiatric co-morbidity: The impact of alexithymia and coping, Psychiatry Research, 197(3), pp. 246252. Cooper, Y., 2016. The most shocking thing about Calais is that its not even too big to solve. [Online] Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/jan/07/calais-french-migrant-camps-refugee-crisis [Accessed 7 January 2016]. Duffin, C. (2015) Calais migrant camp conditions are desperate, says nurse volunteer, Nursing Standard, 29(50), pp. 99. EPA, U. and OSEM (2015)Sustainable practices innovation. Available at: https://www.epa.gov/innovation/sustainable-practices-innovation [Accessed: 18 March 2016]. Hanappe, C. (2015) Calais, un autredevenirville, Multitudes, 61(4), pp. 15-20 Naik, G., (2007) Global Warming May Be Spurring Allergy, Asthma; Dr.Ziska's Ragweed Loves Carbon Dioxide; Toxic Pollen in Cities? Wall Street Journal, Eastern edition[New York, N.Y]. p.A.1 Sarkany, Z., Sarkany, K. and Horvath, A. (2016) Investigating the possibility to Individualize asthma attack therapy based on attack severity and patient characteristics, ActaMedicaMarisiensis, 62(1), pp. 4448. Schmid, L. (2014) Position. Leons de Calais, Esprit, Decmbr 26(12), pp. 9-15 Smith, H.J. (2014) Deep-sea warming slows down global warming, Science, 345(6199), pp. 886887. Weaver, A., (2011), Generation Us The Challenge ofGlobalWarming,Victoria : Orca Book Publishers 2011 White, J., 2015. How Calais' 'jungle' migrant camp has now become a mini city - complete with restaurants, a theatre, book shops and free wifi. [Online] Available at: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3348594/Restaurants-theatre-free-wifi-Calais-Jungle-migrant-camp-mini-city.html [Accessed 7 January 2015].